Maupassant was a protégé of Gustave Flaubert and his stories are characterized by economy of style and efficient, seemingly effortless dénouements. L'œuvre importante et diverse de Maupassant, réalisée en dix ans, vite célèbre, reste très apréciée d'un large public en particulier parce qu'elle n'est pas destinée à un lectorat de … He devoted much of his spare time to swimming and to boating expeditions on the Seine. Maupassant Guy de. [11] Next year, in autumn, he was sent to the Lycée Pierre-Corneille in Rouen[12] where he proved a good scholar indulging in poetry and taking a prominent part in theatricals. Made famous by his first short story, he worked methodically and produced two or sometimes four volumes annually. He also introduced him to some of the leading writers of the time, such as Émile Zola, Ivan Turgenev, Edmond Goncourt, and Henry James. Il aime la nature mais ne s’intègre pas dans son collège religieux. At some point in his 20s, de Maupassant contracted syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease that, if left untreated, leads to mental impairment. À l'âge de douze ans, il entre au collège religieux d'Yvetot et termine ses études secondaires au lycée de Rouen Vers 1885, Maupassant ressent les premiers symptômes de la maladie nerveuse … Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. He did not care for the bureaucracy but was not unsuccessful and was several times promoted. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). This is unfortunately what happened to de Maupassant. Mais aucun médecin n’avait encore établi de rapport formel entre cette maladie … He wrote and played himself in a comedy in 1875 (with the benediction of Flaubert), "À la feuille de rose, maison turque". The supernatural in Maupassant, however, is often implicitly a symptom of the protagonists' troubled minds; Maupassant was fascinated by the burgeoning discipline of psychiatry, and attended the public lectures of Jean-Martin Charcot between 1885 and 1886. The couple’s second son, Hervé, was born in 1856. During his apprenticeship with Flaubert, Maupassant published one or two stories under a pseudonym in obscure provincial magazines. Elle est aussi l’amie de His mother urged his father when they married in 1846 to obtain the right to use the particule or form "de Maupassant" instead of "Maupassant" as his family name, in order to indicate noble birth. [7] She was an exceptionally well-read woman and was very fond of classical literature, particularly Shakespeare. ), « Guy de Maupassant », La Semaine médicale, CXL, n°14, 12 mai 1977, p.456-458. Toute sa vie, il vécut sous l'influence d'une mère caractérielle, Laure Le Poittevin , qui soignait sa maladie nerveuse par toute la pharmacopée de l'époque mais qui avait cependant une grande culture littéraire. His father managed to have him transferred, at his own wish, to the Ministry of Public Instruction in 1879. Many are set during the Franco-Prussian War of the 1870s, describing the futility of war and the innocent civilians who, caught up in events beyond their control, are permanently changed by their experiences. He is not a naturalist like Zola; to him, physiological processes do not constitute the basis of human actions, although the influence of the environment is manifested in his prose. Guy de Maupassant, in full Henry-René-Albert-Guy de Maupassant, (born August 5, 1850, Château de Miromesnil?, near Dieppe, France—died July 6, 1893, Paris), French naturalist writer of short stories and novels who is by general agreement the greatest French short-story writer. His mother’s claim that he was born at the Château de Miromesnil has been disputed. His talent and practical business sense made him wealthy. Read "Voyage de santé" by Guy de Maupassant available from Rakuten Kobo. In his later years he developed a constant desire for solitude, an obsession for self-preservation, and a fear of death and paranoia of persecution caused by the syphilis he had contracted in his youth. Guy de Maupassant voit le jour le 5 août 1850 à Tourville-sur-Arques. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Guy-de-Maupassant, All Poetry - Biography of Guy de Maupassant, The Literature Network - Biography of Guy de Maupassant, Guy de Maupassant - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Guy de Maupassant (1850-1893) est l’un des plus grands auteurs de la littérature fantastique, genre littéraire florissant depuis la fin du XVIIIe siècle auquel se sont intéressés Mérimée, Balzac ou même Baudelaire, parmi d’autres écrivains français. La famille Maupassant, venue de Lorraine, s’est installée en Seine-Inférieure (aujourd'hui Seine-Maritime) au milieu du XIX siècle. Selon certaines sources, il serait né à Fécamp. Maupassant was demobilized in July 1871 and resumed his law studies in Paris. With the father's absence, Maupassant's mother became the most influential figure in the young boy's life. Ce mémoire soccupera dune partie de l¶œuvre de Guy de Maupassant ayant liaison avec la folie. l´époque de Guy de Maupassant, nous allons chercher les informations dans diverses littératures sécondaires. Henry-René-Albert-Guy de Maupassant est né le 5 août 1850, au château de Miromesnil, en Normandie. A heavy volume weighing in at 1.5 kg+, extra shipping may be requested Souvenirs Sur Moupassant, Sa Derniere Maladie, Sa Mort, avec des lettres par Mme De Maupassant par Albert Lumbroso: Good Hardcover (1905) 1st Edition | Anne Godfrey Omissions? At Flaubert's home, he met Émile Zola and the Russian novelist Ivan Turgenev, as well as many of the proponents of the realist and naturalist schools. [8] From his early education he retained a marked hostility to religion, and to judge from verses composed around this time he deplored the ecclesiastical atmosphere, its ritual and discipline. [15] He and forty-six other Parisian literary and artistic notables attached their names to an elaborately irate letter of protest against the tower's construction, written to the Minister of Public Works. Bel-Ami est un roman réaliste de Guy de Maupassant , publié en 1885. One can see from a story like Mouche (1890; Fly) that the latter were more than merely boating expeditions and that the girls who accompanied Maupassant and his friends were usually prostitutes or prospective prostitutes. Flaubert characterized it as "a masterpiece that will endure." Maupassant, Guy de, 1850-1893 Publisher Rome Bocca frères Collection robarts; universityofottawa; toronto Digitizing sponsor University of Ottawa Contributor Robarts - … Maupassant was one of six writers, led by Zola, who each contributed a short story on the Franco-German War to a volume called Les Soirées de Médan. Guy de Maupassant: René Dumesnil.In: Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie, supplément au n°87, 1934.Dionysos : gazette du praticien ami des lettres, des arts et du théâtre, n° 12. Extrait texte du document: « Fort comme la mort [Guy de Maupassant] - fiche de lecture. Isaac Babel wrote a short story about him, “Guy de Maupassant.” It appears in The Collected Stories of Isaac Babel and in the story anthology You’ve Got To Read This: Contemporary American Writers Introduce Stories that Held Them in Awe. Several of Maupassant's short stories, including "La Peur" and "The Necklace", were adapted as episodes of the 1986 Indian anthology television series Katha Sagar. During this time his only recreation and relaxation was boating on the Seine on Sundays and holidays. Maupassant a été frappé d'une maladie mentale . He moved to the lycée at Le Havre and passed his baccalaureate the following year. Resté à Étretat avec sa mère, le jeune Guy joue avec les petits paysans : son premier contact avec la nature est heureux et il ne l'oubliera jamais. Henri René Albert Guy de Maupassant (UK: /ˈmoʊpæsɒ̃/,[1][2] US: /ˈmoʊpəsɒnt, ˌmoʊpəˈsɒ̃/;[2][3][4][5] French: [ɡi d(ə) mopasɑ̃]; 5 August 1850 – 6 July 1893) was a 19th-century French author, remembered as a master of the short story form, and as a representative of the Naturalist school, who depicted human lives and destinies and social forces in disillusioned and often pessimistic terms. Il devient idiot, pas seulement idiot, mais dangereux. Maupassant is considered a father of the modern short story. Maupassant was the elder of the two children of Gustave and Laure de Maupassant. ")", Abamine, E. P. "German-French Sexual Encounters of the Franco-Prussian War Period in the Fiction of Guy de Maupassant. Guy de Maupassant — ‘Mon cher ami, pour moi un homme amoureux est rayé du nombre des vivants. This life did not prevent him from making friends among the literary celebrities of his day: Alexandre Dumas, fils had a paternal affection for him; at Aix-les-Bains he met Hippolyte Taine and became devoted to the philosopher-historian. En 1863, ses parents divorcèrent définitivement. When Maupassant was in his early 20s, he discovered that he was suffering from syphilis, one of the most frightening and widespread maladies of the age. Henri-René-Albert-Guy de Maupassant was born on 5 August 1850 at the late-16th century Château de Miromesnil, near Dieppe in the Seine-Inférieure (now Seine-Maritime) department in France. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. De Maupassant Mental Illness. In 1880 he published what is considered his first masterpiece, "Boule de Suif", which met with instant and tremendous success. Head, Programme Contracts Department, British Broadcasting Corporation, London, 1959–69. Henry James's "Paste" adapts another story of his with a similar title, "The Jewels.". Dans La Revue de Paris du 15 novembre 1894 : « Interrompu comme on sait par la maladie et par la mort, Guy de Maupassant a laissé deux romans inachevés : L’Âme étrangère et … Le roman paraît d'abord sous forme de feuilleton dans le quotidien Gil Blas, avant d'être édité en volume aux éditions Ollendorff. Sa famille est d'origine lorraine mais fixée en Normandie depuis le XVIIIe siècle. His father came to his assistance again and obtained a post for him in the Ministry of Marine, which was intended to support him until he qualified as a lawyer. Atteint de la syphilis, il est miné par la maladie et développe un état aigu de paranoïa. Sa mère se retire à Etretat, en 1860, avec ses deux fils. [18], Leo Tolstoy used Maupassant as the subject for one of his essays on art: The Works of Guy de Maupassant. In it, a prostitute traveling by coach is companionably treated by her fellow French passengers, who are anxious to share her provisions of food, but then a German officer stops the coach and refuses to let it proceed until he has possessed her; the other passengers induce her to satisfy him, and then ostracize her for the rest of the journey. comme Guy de Maupassant, envoyé par Le Gaulois en Algérie en 1881. Friedrich Nietzsche's autobiography mentions him in the following text: "I cannot at all conceive in which century of history one could haul together such inquisitive and at the same time delicate psychologists as one can in contemporary Paris: I can name as a sample – for their number is by no means small, ... or to pick out one of the stronger race, a genuine Latin to whom I am particularly attached, Guy de Maupassant.". À côté de la presse, les institutions gouvernementales profitent, elles-aussi, de cette aisance majeure dans l’exploitation des voies de communication pour effectuer des missions diplomatiques importantes dans les His first published story, "Boule de Suif" ("The Dumpling", 1880), is often considered his masterpiece. Whenever Flaubert was staying in Paris, he used to invite Maupassant to lunch on Sundays, lecture him on prose style, and correct his youthful literary exercises. [Quoted from the track "The Questor Affair" from the album, List of Short Stories by Guy de Maupassant, Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, "Maupassant's Apprenticeship with Flaubert", "Lycée Pierre Corneille de Rouen - History", "Remembering Maupassant | Arts and Entertainment | BBC World Service", "The Writer Who Sparks the Finest Movie Adaptations", Université McGill: le roman selon les romanciers, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guy_de_Maupassant&oldid=1005064462, French military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, "The Dead Girl (a.k.a. Santé de Guy de Maupassant. William Saroyan wrote a short story about Maupassant in his 1971 book, Letters from 74 rue Taitbout or Don't Go But If You Must Say Hello To Everybody. "Art and the Artist in Babel's" Guy de Maupassant". Maupassant finit sa vie dans les souffrances de la maladie. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Both parents came of Norman families, the father’s of the minor aristocracy, but the marriage was a failure, and the couple separated permanently when Guy was 11 years old. Maupassant was one of a fair number of 19th-century Parisians (including Charles Gounod, Alexandre Dumas, fils, and Charles Garnier) who did not care for the Eiffel Tower. Fiche biographique AUTEUR : Guy de Maupassant : (5 août 1850 / 6 juillet 1893) SA VIE : Guy de Maupassant est né au château de Miromesnil près de Dieppe puis passe sa jeunesse à Etretat , où il joue souvent dans la campagne avec de jeunes paysans. In 1878, he was transferred to the Ministry of Public Instruction and became a contributing editor to several leading newspapers such as Le Figaro, Gil Blas, Le Gaulois and l'Écho de Paris. Guy de Maupassant studied law and served in the military during the Franco-German War. It was a concise description of a twofold relationship: if Flaubert was the inspiration for Maupassant the writer, he also provided the child of a broken marriage with a foster father. His stories are second only to Shakespeare in their inspiration of movie adaptations with films ranging from Stagecoach, Oyuki the Virgin and Masculine Feminine.[19]. L'action du récit se déroule à Paris pendant la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle. Henri-René-Albert-Guy de Maupassant was born on 5 August 1850 at the late-16th century Château de Miromesnil, near Dieppe in the Seine-Inférieure (now Seine-Maritime) department in France. This was the beginning of the apprenticeship that was the making of Maupassant the writer. One of his famous short stories, "The Necklace", was imitated with a twist by both Maugham ("Mr Know-All", "A String of Beads"). Author of. “He’s my disciple and I love him like a son,” Flaubert said of Maupassant. Après la séparation de ses parents en 1860, Guy repartit à Dieppe avec sa mère. Avec son frère Alfred, elle est l’amie de Gustave Flaubert, le fils d’un chirurgien de Rouenqui devait exerce… With a natural aversion to society, he loved retirement, solitude, and meditation. De là à penser que Maupassant serait mort fou sans syphilis, moi je dis non, mais d’autres si… Son frère Hervé est mort syphilitique aussi. ", This page was last edited on 5 February 2021, at 20:22. He devoted his spare time to writing novels and short stories. Laure sent her son to make Flaubert’s acquaintance at Croisset in 1867, and when he returned to Paris after the war, she asked Flaubert to keep an eye on him. La Maladie et la mort de Maupassant by Thomas, Louis, 1885-Publication date 1906 Topics Maupassant, Guy de, 1850-1893 Publisher Bruges : A. Herbert Collection universityofottawa; toronto Digitizing sponsor University of Ottawa Contributor University of Ottawa Language French. He owes most to Flaubert, from whom he learned to use a concise and measured style and to establish a distance towards the object of narration. [10], In 1867, as he entered junior high school, Maupassant made acquaintance with Gustave Flaubert at Croisset at the insistence of his mother. When Maupassant was 11 and his brother Hervé was five, his mother, an independent-minded woman, risked social disgrace to obtain a legal separation from her husband, who was violent towards her. Indeed, there can be little doubt that the early years in Paris were the start of his phenomenal promiscuity. Maupassant’s mother, Laure, was the sister of Alfred Le Poittevin, who had been a close friend of Gustave Flaubert, and she herself remained on affectionate terms with the novelist for the rest of his life. Guy de Maupassant (1850-1893) Maupassant est né à Fécamp (ou Tourville-sur-Arques 1, en Normandie) en août 1850.Maupassant est élevé par sa mère, passionnée de littérature et amie de Flaubert.Celle-ci l'encourage et lui sert de guide dans ses lectures. Maupassant penned his own epitaph: "I have coveted everything and taken pleasure in nothing." Michel Drach directed and co-wrote a 1982 French biographical film: Guy de Maupassant. In 1883 he finished his first novel, Une Vie (translated into English as A Woman's Life), 25,000 copies of which were sold in less than a year. [6] Gustave discovered a certain Jean-Baptiste Maupassant, conseiller-secrétaire to the King, who was ennobled in 1752. Théâtre de l’épi d’or | http//theatredelepidor.free.fr tél: 06 63 03 11 20 La syphilis Maupassant sait très tôt, à vingt-six ans, qu’il est malade de la syphilis. Guy de Maupassant est né le 5 août 1850, soit au château de Miromesnil, près de Dieppe, commune de Tourville-sur-Arques, soit à Fécamp chez sa grand-mère maternelle, 98, rue Sous-le-bois, aujourd Addeddate "[17] He delighted in clever plotting, and served as a model for Somerset Maugham and O. Henry in this respect. Boule de suif epitomizes Maupassant’s style in its economy and balance. Gustave Flaubert took him under his protection and acted as a kind of literary guardian to him, guiding his debut in journalism and literature. Flaubert’s sudden and unexpected death in 1880 was a grievous blow to Maupassant. Supplément à la Revue d'Histoire de la Pharmacie, n° 21. pp. The decade from 1880 to 1891 was the most fertile period of Maupassant's life. His firsthand experience of war was to provide him with the material for some of his finest stories. He was the first son of Laure Le Poittevin and Gustave de Maupassant, both from prosperous bourgeois families. BIOGRAPHIE DE MAUPASSANT. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Cependant la maladie progresse, le rendant faible et dépressif et le faisant sombrer petit à petit dans la paranoïa et la folie. Le père de Maupassant, hobereau galant préférant la vie parisienne au paisible manoir normand, se sépare de sa femme en 1859. Guy de Maupassant », Médecine et Hygiène, n°1794, 10 mai 1989, p.1536-1546. Il bénéficie alors de soins au mercure, au bromure et effectue des cures thermales. Maupassant was adamant in refusing to undergo treatment, with the result that the disease was to cast a deepening shadow over his mature years and was accentuated by neurasthenia, which had also afflicted his brother.